Hong Kong dialect

書可觸發人的五官感覺
當我們拿到一本書，用指尖翻開書頁，這時書中的「時間」便隨著閱讀速度而展翅飛翔。閱讀速度又因心情、目的以及內容的不同而發生微妙的變化，喚起了眼睛和指尖的不同感覺。書可以誘讀者的觸覺、嗅覺、聽覺、味覺以及最重要的視覺等五種感覺增強。

當書拿在手中的一瞬間，會使人產生什麼感覺呢？

首先是書的重量，直到近代，西方的書籍就像大理石一樣，重而堅實。而東方，中國的圖書卻像羽毛似的輕柔。重量的不同，說明了書的材料以及製作過程的本質區別。從中可以看出關於書的文化差異。

接著是封面，手可以感覺到封面的軟硬，今天的圖書製作得非常柔軟，甚至可以卷成卷兒放在手中滾動。書的全身可以鮮明地喚醒讀者的觸感。

一打開書，各種書味便會撲鼻而來，紙味、油墨味開始不斷刺激讀者的嗅覺。

翻動書頁，紙張會發出聲音。字典紙的響聲是嘩啦嘩啦的尖聲，而中國古代用的宣紙如同積雪發出一種微弱的沙沙聲。可以發現各類書籍都有各自特有的聲音，用書甚至可以演奏出音樂。

書既能引起人的觸覺，也能引起人的嗅覺、聽覺，然而能包括全部感覺的是引起視覺的反應。

用眼睛閱讀文章，比如看小說就會出現口咽唾液的緊張感。看書的過程中，唾液的分泌變得旺盛。甚至會觸發味覺反應。把書放在手中閱讀，由於與書相遇，可激發起五種感覺，我在圖書設計中最早注意通過五種感覺重新認識圖書，試將能夠激發五感的因素作為圖書設計的出發點。

將宇宙表現於紙面上
展現於眼前的左右兩面，就像「一個展開的宇宙」，它顯現出一切自然現象，甚至包含了時間的體驗。「白色的紙面」誘導著視線移動，成為「身體意象的投影屏」，自然地決定著各種意象的歸宿。我正是把展開的兩面書頁作為一個單元，考慮它的設計。

當一張白紙擺在眼前，在紙面上人們會很自然地看到自己心靈的投射。比如，白紙的上方是「天」，下方便成為「地」。越是靠近白紙的上方，越會有「純潔的」，帶有「神話和精神」色彩的感覺，隨著向下方移動，就會有「物質性或深層的下意識和沉澱」的感覺。另外，在水平方向上，一般來說從左向右移動時，可以預感到從「過去、開始（左）」向「未來（右）」的時間推移和發展。

此外，當紙面的左側感到「內省的、過去」的「消極意象」時，那麼在反方向的右側，便會表現出向著「外向的、未來」的「積極的行動意象」。或者也會感到右側為「父性」，左側為「母性」。

──節錄自杉浦康平＜從「裝幀」到「圖書設計」＞

There are several main points in this passage:
1) Time—flipping the pages
2) Weight of the book—depending on the number and weight of paper (the content of the book)
3) Sense of touch—the texture of the paper
4) Sense of smell—the smell of paper and ink
5) Sense of hearing—flipping the book
6) Sense of sight—seeing the form, reading the passages and images
7) Sense of taste—because of the other sense, it makes the taste changes
8) Space on the paper

Today, we have the first informal presentation presenting the design proposal of our final year project. I really think and write the proposal for a long time. I and my friends also think that we will be comments on the project critically. Luckily, the comment is that it is okay and it is clearer than the pervious stage. So, I was released.

Then, afterwards, I and Moni have gone to find Esther to chat about the Chinese typography. The big concept is about communication and integration. I have mentioned in the project brief. Then, I’m still categorizing the words into different categories, maybe several categories. Each category has a concept and the words in those categories can be designed depending on each different category.

And I think I have to start to draw the rough sketches and start the design process. I’m now still finding lots of researches about book design and great book designers.

SD403
Final Project

BA (HONS) in design (visual communication)
Semester 2, 2005/06
3rd draft of the design proposal 27_January_2006
STUDENT: CHAN HEI SHING 03307734D
TUTOR: ESTHER LIU
Duration: week 1- 14 (14 weeks)

Subject title of project
SD403 Final Project

Name of the project
(it has to be finalized because I would like to name a better name for this project.)

Introduction/ Background

As an important part of the local culture, Hong Kong dialect is a very special and unique language for Hong-Konger. It is very interesting that Hong Kong is a special place combining different culture elements and forms its own culture. Because of historical reasons, Hong Kong is a place for Chinese, but these Chinese is not simple because these Chinese recognize themselves as Hong-Konger rather than Chinese. So as the language, the so-called Hong Kong dialect is not the simple Cantonese but the changing form of Cantonese. It owns its special characteristics and features. The Hong Kong dialect probably come and evolved form the following places: 1) Ancient Chinese; 2) dialect in the Guangdong district; 3) dialect from other province (such as Shanghaiese); 4) foreign language (such as English and Japanese); 5) written Chinese; 6) ballads, songs; 7) professional words & phrases; 8) motto; 9) tag line (a two-part common expression whose last part is omitted); 10) pet phrases, platitudes; 11) foul language; 12) the argot/ code words of the gangland; 13) the words/ phrases from the Buddhism & Taoism; 14) phrases from life and entertainment (mass media); 15) place name or people’s name.

I would like to use book and typographic design to record this language graphically.
Aims
- To uphold the Hong Kong dialect as one kind of local culture
- To promote the local language culture which is meaningful
- To promote the design of our Chinese Typography

Objectives
- To record this important Hong Kong dialect in this era which many people don’t think that is important for us
- To rise the awareness of the public to our own language through Chinese typographic design and book design

Research Methodologies

Historical Research
Lots of historical researches are found in the independent study stage. I think I have to find more book design and great book designers’ research. The brief history of Chinese typography and Hong Kong are already found. I have to go deeper to do more digest and analysis.

Design Research/ Reference of the existing design
I have to find more research about book design. (the process of designing a book, the paper, the layout editing, form, printing techniques, etc.)
I find the design research of song ti (宋體字) and Chinese typography in the independent study already. (How the Chinese characters are designed in terms of graphic design including the spacing, the strokes, the form, the positive & negative space, the visual balance, the optical illusion, the structure of a Chinese character, etc.)

Theoretical Research
The main theoretical research is the findings of Hong Kong dialect as a sub-culture, sub-language, and Chinese typographic design theory

Expected outcome
Book Design with Chinese typographic design

Target audience/ market
General Public (specially the Youngster)
This is because the youngsters are always using and creating our Hong Kong dialect and do not know that. They speak but they even do not know what they are saying and the meaning and the history of the words. It is interesting to record this local culture in the means Chinese typography and may be book design or poster design in the final project. They often don’t like the serious things but this “actual life” cultural book with contemporary Chinese typography may arise their interests.

Client
次文化堂
“次文化堂” is the publisher that likes to publish the books, which related to the local culture such as the local political and cultural issue and the Cantonese and Hong Kong dialect.

Design direction

Concept
The whole concept is about communication & integration.

1) Firstly, most of the “words with mouth” (口族字) are made with the theory of 形聲 in the six ways of creating words (六書). It is a communication and integration.

「形聲」是由兩部分合成的，將形符 (表示意義的符號) 和聲符 (表示讀音的符號) 組合起來形成一字，以表示意義的造字方法。
如 「 嚟 」、 「啱」等都是形聲字、其中「口 」是形符，「黎」、「岩」 都是聲符。形符表示這個字所指事物的類別或與此類別有關；聲符則表示這個字的讀音 (有些只表示近似的讀音)。
2) Physically and functionally, mouth is the tool for communication.

It has its two main function: making the sound and tasting the food.

The mouth including the lips, the space in the mouth, the teeth, the tongue, the saliva, which can pronounce the sound, the language, the song, the music, etc to communicate with others.

We are using the teeth and tongue to eat and taste the food. It is also a kind of communication and integration. It is the communication between the emotion of the cook and the eater. Also, it is the integration of the food and our body.

3) Most importantly, it expresses the most typical feature of the Hong Kong dialect. It is often the result of the combination of different cultures and different languages.

Tone and manner


About the content
I have chosen the words with “mouth” in Hong Kong dialect.
Why I choose these kinds (words with “mouth” or sound-related words) of words in the Hong Kong dialect?
There are several reasons.
1) I would like to choose the typical words, which can represent the typical Hong Kong dialect. The words with “mouth” are so right that they are with those kinds of features such as high speed of metabolism; influence from English language and other languages; some kinds of words or phrases becomes a lifestyle; Using some words to represent some ambiguous actions; and Many auxiliary verbs and words with sounds.

2) I think the words with “mouth” are some kinds of words that can be very playful and interesting to be designed visually and graphically.

3) In the Hong Kong dialect, it is very obvious to see that there are lots of words that have a pronunciation (sound) but there is not the exact pictogram of those Chinese words. These kinds of words can be written down or not depending on the historical and cultural reasons. Those words that are not usually used will be 1) eliminated; 2) forgotten or 3) replaced by the newborn words. Some sound of the Hong Kong dialect may be just some kind of local accent. Those words never exist. They can be accepted through common practice in the public. Then, some people use the words with same pronunciation to replace those words; or create new words that can be written.

Always, the self-created words will be mostly the onomatopoeia (Phonetics) 象聲詞. They are used to be adjectives and exclamations. Therefore, the newly created words we commonly read are the onomatopoeia. The method is that they use the words with similar or same pronunciation and add the “mouth” 口字部 into it. Then, the new words are created such as 哎、咩、喲、啊、喎、哼 etc.


Time Schedule



















Reference/ Reading list

- 餘秉楠（1993）《字體設計基礎》。北京，人民美術出版社。
- 李明君（1997）《中國美術字史圖說》。北京，人民美術出版社。
- 邵家臻、張俊聲（2005）《私字進行──青年次語言字典》。香港，香港政策透視。
- 鄭定歐（編纂）（1997）《香港粵語詞典》。江蘇，江蘇教育出版社。
- 彭志銘（1994）《次文化語言．香港新方言概論》。香港，次文化有限公司。
- 朱介英（1996）《美術字技法》。臺北，邯鄲出版社。
- 楊宗魁（1982）《中國文字藝術》。臺北，設計家文化出版事業公司。
- 原弘（編集顧問）（1990）《日本現代圖書設計》。北京，三聯書店。
- 潘美月（1986）《圖書》。臺北，幼獅文化事業公司。
- 呂敬人、寧成春、吳勇、朱虹（1996）《書藉設計四人說》。北京，中國青年出版社。
- Meggs, Philip B. (1992) A history of graphic design New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold
- Taylor, Insup. (1995) Writing and literacy in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese Amsterdam ; Philadephia: John Benjamins Pub.
- Solomon, Martin. (1986)The art of typography : an introduction to typo-icon-ography New York : Watson-Guptill Publications
- <俗語趣談>
http://www.rthk.org.hk/elearning/lautinchi/index.htm
- <流利廣東話>
http://www.aimi.cm/things/view/6606
- 《香港增補字元集》
http://www.info.gov.hk/digital21/chi/hkscs/applicn.html
- ＜不要自毀長城！──論以普通話教學取代粵語教學＞
http://home.netvigator.com/~fyw12541/lang_crit/no_selfdestructn.htm
- ＜今日香港的中英混合語＞
http://www.cmi.hku.hk/Ref/Article/article02/01.html　
- ＜淺論「香港話」＞
http://home.netvigator.com/~fyw12541%20/lang_crit/hklang.htm
- ＜港式詞事典＞
http://www.books88.com/lucia/gangshici/gsc20.htm
- ＜現代書籍形態學與呂氏風格──呂敬人的書籍形態學芻議＞：http://cn.cl2000.com/design/stylist/wen_003.shtml
- ＜書裝之美之老一代書籍設計家訪談＞：
http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/book/2004-12/03/content_2290861.htm　　

「口」字旁的單字：
1) 喳
2) 㗎
3) 㗇
4) 啩
5) 啞
6) 啤
7) 𠵿pé1
8) 𠵿pé2
9) 口孭
10) 啡
11) 嗲
12) 唓
13) 嘢
14) 口騎
15) 嘻
16) 嚤
17) 嗰
18) 口殊
19) 𠼱lê1
20) 𠼱lê2
21) 噱
22) 㗾
23) 嘥
24) 嚡
25) 嗌
26) 嚟
27) 𠶜
28) 噬
29) 𠱓
30) 喺
31) 𠵈
32) 口雷
33) 吹
34) 嘴
35) 嘍
36) 嚿
37) 吼
38) 口
39) 嘔
40) 𠴕
41) 噍
42) 叫
43) 嘺
44) 囂
45) 嘈
46) 告
47) 喊
48) 啱
49) 𠱁
50) 唚
51) 吟
52) 噉
53) 含
54) 舔
55) 唔
56) 嘆
57) 噴
58) 呑
59) 吮
60) 嘭bang4
61) 嘭pang1
62) 啃
63) 哽ngeng3
64) 哽ngeng5
65) 呤
66) 啷
67) 𠺘
68) 哄
69) 𡃵
70) 唱
71) 嗒
72) 呷
73) 噏
74) 喼
75) 𠲵
76) 吉
77) 咳
78) 咇
79) 喞
80) 𠹳
81) 喝
82) 𠼭
83) 啜
84) 𠽌
85) 𡁯
86) 啪bag1
87) 啪pag1
88) 嘜mag1
89) 嘜meg1
90) 嚇
91) 𡃈
92) 呃
93) 叻
94) 喞zég1
95) 㗱
96) 𠽤
97) 嗾
98) 口宿
99) 唂
100) 串
101) 囉
(後加的)
102) 咩
103) 𦧺

104) 咪mei5
105) 咪mei6
106) 咯
107) 喎
108) 吖 

109) 嘟
110) 咦
111) 咁
112) 吤
113) 喱
114) 嘁
115) 咥

XX聲：
1) 媽媽聲
2) 嗱嗱聲
3) 沙沙聲
4) 哋哋聲
5) 咕咕聲
6) 含含聲
7) 哽哽聲
8) 啷啷聲
9) 嗒嗒聲
10) 𠽌𠽌聲
11) 啪啪聲

怪音四字詞：
1) 沙哩弄鬆
2) 拎拎臨臨
3) 哩哩啦啦
4) 時哩沙啦
5) 依依哦哦
6) 嘰哩咕嚕
7) 烏哩單刀
8) 胡哩馬叉
9) ly lee 嗱嗱
10) 時lee sa 嗱
11) 平ling 朋林
12) peng ling 蓬隆
13) 興卿含含
14) 平平彭彭
15) 平ling彭蘭
16) king ling count noun
17) fee li 淝咧

三字詞（YXX）（XXY）：
1) 口瓜 口瓜 嘈
2) 𡃤𡃤閑
3) 嗱嗱林
4) 嘴多多
5) 噙郁郁
6) 口花花
7) 口啞啞
8) 口多多
9) 口快快
10) 口輕輕
11) 口噏噏
12) 口窒窒
13) 口擘擘
14) 烏SIR SIR
15) 烏啄啄

俚語／口頭禪：
1) 開口吸著脷
2) 隨口噏，冇build up
3) 相嗌唔好口

The content of the book are basically divided into three part:
1) The definition, reason and the development of the Hong Kong dialect
2) The words that I choose which is narrowed down from those lots of words in the Hong Kong dialect. Now, I choose the words related to “mouth” and sound in the Hong Kong dialect. They are typically the Hong Kong dialect and it will be playful to design them graphically and visually. There should be the basic definition and examples of these selected words.
3) The third part is the part that is the most important. I have to re-define and re-design the selected words. There should be a concept that can match with all the elements. And the content should be defined here. Whether it is a story or a kind of visual dictionary.

In fact, the progress of today is quite ok. I shorted out the 184 words with “mouth” which I want to do in the book. (These will be selected and eliminated again.) And then I have to use these all hardware to developed the whole concept and the third part I want. How can I be inspired and developed a good concept for this book?

Esther has comment on this and she suggested that the content could be story telling or anything else. One of her practical suggestion is that: I can divide these 184 words or fewer (or use 100 words) into several groups. I have to set the whole concept of the book and the small concept for each of the group. It can be anything related but which should be the most important. Maybe I can also use some design methods to divide them such as icon, stroke, illustration, pictogram, etc. It is also a kind of expressive way.

Anyway, this is just one of the options that Esther suggests. I have to think more options for me to choose the best one. Maybe using this method to design and adding other interesting elements such as stories in that.

SD403
Final Project

BA (HONS) in design (visual communication)
Semester 2, 2005/06
2nd draft of the design proposal 24_January_2006
STUDENT: CHAN HEI SHING 03307734D
TUTOR: ESTHER LIU
Duration: week 1- 14 (14 weeks)

Subject title of project
SD403 Final Project

Name of the project
(have to be finalized)

Introduction/ Background
I really think for a long time to decide my final year project. In the project of independent study, I pay lots of effort to study the whole phenomenon of Hong Kong dialect; the design of Chinese typography (especially song ti); and some research on book design.

As an important part of the local culture, Hong Kong dialect is a very special and unique language for Hong-Konger. It is very interesting that Hong Kong is a special place combining different culture elements and forms its own culture. Because of historical reasons, Hong Kong is a place for Chinese, but these Chinese is not simple because these Chinese recognize themselves as Hong-Konger rather than Chinese. So as the language, the so-called Hong Kong dialect is not the simple Cantonese but the changing form of Cantonese. It owns its special characteristics and features. The Hong Kong dialect probably come and evolved form the following places: 1) Ancient Chinese; 2) dialect in the Guangdong district; 3) dialect from other province (such as Shanghaiese); 4) foreign language (such as English and Japanese); 5) written Chinese; 6) ballads, songs; 7) professional words & phrases; 8) motto; 9) tag line (a two-part common expression whose last part is omitted); 10) pet phrases, platitudes; 11) foul language; 12) the argot/ code words of the gangland; 13) the words/ phrases from the Buddhism & Taoism; 14) phrases from life and entertainment (mass media); 15) place name or people’s name.


Aims
- To uphold the Hong Kong dialect as one kind of local culture
- To promote the local language culture which is meaningful
- To promote the design of our Chinese Typography

Objectives
- To record this important Hong Kong dialect in this era which many people don’t think that is important for us
- To rise the awareness of the public to our own language through Chinese typographic design and book design

Research Methodologies

Historical Research
Lots of historical researches are found in the independent study stage. I think I have to find more book design and great book designers’ research. The brief history of Chinese typography and Hong Kong are already found. I have to go deeper to do more digest and analysis.

Design Research/ Reference of the existing design
I find the design research of song ti (宋體字) and Chinese typography in the independent study already. (How the Chinese characters are designed in terms of graphic design including the spacing, the strokes, the form, the positive & negative space, the visual balance, the optical illusion, the structure of a Chinese character, etc.)
I have to find more research about book design. (the process of designing a book, the paper, the layout editing, form, printing techniques, etc.)

Theoretical Research
The main theoretical research is the findings of Hong Kong dialect as a sub-culture, sub-language, and Chinese typographic design theory

Expected outcome
Book Design with Chinese typographical design

Target audience/ market
General Public (specially the Youngster)
This is because the youngsters are always using and creating our Hong Kong dialect and do not know that. They speak but they even do not know what they are saying and the meaning and the history of the words. It is interesting to record this local culture in the means Chinese typography and may be book design or poster design in the final project. They often don’t like the serious things but this “actual life” cultural book with contemporary Chinese typography may arise their interests.

About the content
I have choose the words with “mouth” in Hong Kong dialect.
Why I choose these kinds (words with “mouth” or sound-related words) of words in the Hong Kong dialect?
There are several reasons.
1) I would like to choose the typical words, which can represent the typical Hong Kong dialect. The words with “mouth” are so right that they are with those kinds of features such as high speed of metabolism; influence from English language and other languages; some kinds of words or phrases becomes a lifestyle; Using some words to represent some ambiguous actions; and Many auxiliary verbs and words with sounds.

2) I think the words with “mouth” are some kinds of words that can be very playful and interesting to be designed visually and graphically.

3) In the Hong Kong dialect, it is very obvious to see that there are lots of words that have a pronunciation (sound) but there is not the exact pictogram of those Chinese words. These kinds of words can be written down or not depending on the historical and cultural reasons. Those words that are not usually used will be 1) eliminated; 2) forgotten or 3) replaced by the newborn words. Some sound of the Hong Kong dialect may be just some kind of local accent. Those words never exist. They can be accepted through common practice in the public. Then, some people use the words with same pronunciation to replace those words; or create new words that can be written.

Always, the self-created words will be mostly the onomatopoeia (Phonetics) 象聲詞. They are used to be adjectives and exclamations. Therefore, the newly created words we commonly read are the onomatopoeia. The method is that they use the words with similar or same pronunciation and add the “mouth” 口字部 into it. Then, the new words are created such as 哎、咩、喲、啊、喎、哼 etc.

Time Schedule



















Reference/ Reading list

- 餘秉楠（1993）《字體設計基礎》。北京，人民美術出版社。
- 李明君（1997）《中國美術字史圖說》。北京，人民美術出版社。
- 邵家臻、張俊聲（2005）《私字進行──青年次語言字典》。香港，香港政策透視。
- 鄭定歐（編纂）（1997）《香港粵語詞典》。江蘇，江蘇教育出版社。
- 彭志銘（1994）《次文化語言．香港新方言概論》。香港，次文化有限公司。
- 朱介英（1996）《美術字技法》。臺北，邯鄲出版社。
- 楊宗魁（1982）《中國文字藝術》。臺北，設計家文化出版事業公司。
- 原弘（編集顧問）（1990）《日本現代圖書設計》。北京，三聯書店。
- 潘美月（1986）《圖書》。臺北，幼獅文化事業公司。
- 呂敬人、寧成春、吳勇、朱虹（1996）《書藉設計四人說》。北京，中國青年出版社。
- Meggs, Philip B. (1992) A history of graphic design New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold
- Taylor, Insup. (1995) Writing and literacy in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese Amsterdam ; Philadephia: John Benjamins Pub.
- Solomon, Martin. (1986)The art of typography : an introduction to typo-icon-ography New York : Watson-Guptill Publications
- <俗語趣談>
http://www.rthk.org.hk/elearning/lautinchi/index.htm
- <流利廣東話>
http://www.aimi.cm/things/view/6606
- 《香港增補字元集》
http://www.info.gov.hk/digital21/chi/hkscs/applicn.html
- ＜不要自毀長城！──論以普通話教學取代粵語教學＞
http://home.netvigator.com/~fyw12541/lang_crit/no_selfdestructn.htm
- ＜今日香港的中英混合語＞
http://www.cmi.hku.hk/Ref/Article/article02/01.html　
- ＜淺論「香港話」＞
http://home.netvigator.com/~fyw12541%20/lang_crit/hklang.htm
- ＜港式詞事典＞
http://www.books88.com/lucia/gangshici/gsc20.htm
- ＜現代書籍形態學與呂氏風格──呂敬人的書籍形態學芻議＞：http://cn.cl2000.com/design/stylist/wen_003.shtml
- ＜書裝之美之老一代書籍設計家訪談＞：
http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/book/2004-12/03/content_2290861.htm　　

【媽媽聲】ma1 ma1 séng1
解釋：憤怒地用粗言髒話駡了起來
例子：
1) 一聽到加價，大家都～
2) 激到佢～ （氣得他一口一個他媽的）

【乸聲乸氣】na5 séng1 na5 héi3
解釋：嬌聲嬌氣，形容男人說話像女人似的
例子：你好～呀！

【嗱嗱聲】la4 la2 séng1
解釋：形容動作急速忙亂
例子：大家～，一陣就做完！

【喳】za2
解釋：（人或物）差勁
例子：
1) 佢份人好～！
2) 呢啲～嘢冇人要！

【喳喳】ca4 ca4-2
解釋：鈸，一種打擊樂器，是兩個圓銅片，中間突起成半球形，正中有孔，可以穿綢、布條，兩片合起來拍打聲。
例子：打～！

【沙沙聲】sa4 sa2 séng1
解釋：形容迅速擦過的聲音
例子：
1) 風吹到啲樹葉～
2) ～落起雨嚟！

【沙哩弄鬆】sa1 li1 lung6 cung3
解釋：魯莽、輕率、莽撞的意思
例子：咁～嘅，真係激死！ （哪能那麼莽撞的，真氣人！）

【哋哋聲】ya4 ya4 séng1
解釋：形容極度痛苦
例子：痛到佢～！

【加把口】ga1 ba2 heo2
解釋：插嘴
例子：佢聽聽吓忍唔住～ （他聽著聽著忍不住說了一句。）

【㗎】ga4
解釋：俗指與日本有關的人和物，如「㗎話、㗎頭、㗎妹、㗎仔」等等，這是由於日語發音與「㗎」近似音較多緣故。
例子：
1) 㗎話ga4 wa6-2：俗指日本話
2) 㗎仔ga4 zei2：俗稱日本年輕男性，也說㗎佬
3) 㗎妹ga4 mui4-1： 俗稱日本年輕女性
4) 㗎頭ga4 teo4：舊時指日本人

【㗇】ha1
解釋：
1) 欺負
2) 並不是所有人都合適，得看具體對象
例子：
1) ～得就～！ （肆意侵犯他人）
2) ～我唔識英文！
3) 大～細 （恃強凌弱）
4) 呢種衫好～人著！ （有些人穿了好看， 有些人穿了不好看 ）

【口瓜 口瓜 嘈】gua1 gua1 cou4
解釋：吵鬧的聲音（表示不滿）
例子：唔好係公司～！

【啩】gua3
解釋：語氣詞。表示疑問，半信半疑，或不十分肯定
例子：
1) 唔係～？ （不是吧？）
2) 今日星期五～！ (今天是星期五吧？！)

【啞】a2/ nga2
解釋：
1) 由於生理缺陷或疾病而不能說話
2) 指人由於某種原因而不願說話
3) 嗓子乾澀發不出聲音或音低而不清楚
4) 顏色暗淡，欠缺光澤
例子：
1) 你～咗呀？
2) 唱歌唱到把聲～晒！
3) 呢種布嘅顏色～咗啲。

【啤】bé1
解釋：
1) 用壓的方法製造
2) 啤酒的略稱
3) 俗稱喝啤酒
4) 象聲詞
形容單音笛的聲音：吹～～！
轉用為動詞，表示「奈其人不何」：你吹～呀！ （你奈我不何！）
例子：

【𠵿】pé1
解釋：量詞。對，用於未婚的情侶或已婚的夫婦；也指打橋牌時的搭檔或同樣的牌。這是英語pair的音譯詞。
例子：
1) 一～兩～（一對兩對情侶）
2) 等陣玩啤牌我同你一～！（等一下打橋牌時我跟你作一對）

【𠵿】pé2
解釋：形容歪著身子
例子：佢～吓～吓咁行入嚟 （他歪歪扭扭地走進來）

【口孭】mé5
解釋：不正，歪，強調式為「 口孭 口孭 斜斜」（歪七扭八）
例子：幅畫～晒！

【啡】fé4
解釋：
1) （液體）受壓力而射出
2) 象聲詞，形容漏氣聲，通常組合為「啡啡聲」
例子：
1) 俾水喉～濕晒個身！
2) 車轆啡啡聲咁漏氣

【嗲】dé2
解釋：
1) 指女孩撒嬌的聲音和姿態；嬌聲嬌氣
2) 引申指長時間地低聲細語
例子：
1) 咁大個女仲～！
2) 快啲啦，～咁耐做乜呀？

【哩唏】lé2 hé3
解釋：形容狼狽不堪
例子：乜你搞到咁～～㗎？

【唓】cé1
解釋：嘆詞
1) 表示明顯的不滿
2) 不屑或輕蔑
例子：
1) ～！有咩咁巴閉！
2) ～！使鬼你講咩，係人都知啦！

【嘢】yé5
解釋：
1) 泛指東西
2) 傢伙（指人或物，指人時有貶義）
例子：
1) 平～冇好！（便宜貨沒有好的！）
2) 做～！（幹活兒！）
3) 講～！（講話）
4) 呢個～真係唔聽話呀！（這傢伙真不聽話呀）

【口騎】ké4
解釋：象聲詞。形容愉快的笑聲
例子：～～聲咁笑！

【嘅嘢】gé3 yé2
解釋：與名詞或動詞連置於句首，引出對外界事物所抒發的感觸
例子：做人～～，何必咁認真呢？

【呢啲】ni1 di1
解釋：指示代詞。這些
例子：～～嘢！

【拎拎臨臨】li4 li4-1 lem4 lem4
解釋：匆忙離開
例子：～～～～咁走！

【哩哩啦啦】li4 li1 la4 la4
解釋：動作迅速的樣子
例子：咁多人，～～～～做完就算啦！

【吱喳】ji1 za1
解釋：吵鬧，愛說話
例子：咁多人之中佢最～～！

【時哩沙啦】xi4 li1 sa4 la4
解釋：
1) 形容事情進展快
2) 形容雨下得很大
例子：
1) 人手多，～～～～就做好啦！
2) ～～～～好大雨呀！

【依挹】yi1 yeb1
解釋：喻男女間偷情；重疊式為「依依挹挹」，意謂打情駡俏。
例子：佢哋係度～～～～呀！

【依依哦哦】yi4 yi1 o4 o4
解釋：吞吞吐吐，也作「咿咿哦哦」
例子：有嘢就講，～～～～做乜？

【嘰哩咕嚕】gi1 li1 gu1 lu1
解釋：指人說話不清或他人聽不懂說話的人的話
例子：嗰兩個鬼佬喺度～～～～，大家都唔知佢噏乜！

【喂哇鬼叫】wi1 wa1 guei2 giu3
解釋：形容極度痛楚而大聲哭或叫
例子：嚇到啲細路～～～～！

【嘻】hi1
解釋：象聲詞。形容笑聲。
例子：～聲笑咗一吓！

【嚤】mo1
解釋：指動作慢吞吞
例子：你行得好～呀！

【嗰】go2
解釋：代詞。表示遠指。相當於北京話的「那」（與「這」相對）
例子：
1) 嗰啲：指示代詞。那些。
2) 嗰個： 指示代詞。那個。
3) 嗰度： 指示代詞。那兒，那裡。
4) 嗰陣： 指示代詞。那時候。
5) 嗰頭近：比喻接近死亡。

【口殊】xu4
解釋：
1) 嘆詞。制止某人說話或高聲說話所發出的聲音。
2) 象聲詞。形容小便的聲音，又指小便，兒語。
例子：
1) ～，有人嚟，唔講住。
2) 屙～～！

【咕咕聲】gu4 gu2 séng1
解釋：
1) 肚內腸鳴聲
2) 形容人內心不滿而發出的怨恨聲
例子：
1) 餓到我～～～！
2) 嬲到佢～～～！

【烏哩單刀】wu1 léi1 dan1 dou1
解釋：一塌糊塗的意思
例子：寫到本簿～～～～！

【胡哩馬叉】wu4 li1 ma5 ca2
解釋：形容字迹潦草
例子：這文章真～～～～！

【𠼱】lê1
解釋：使東西從嘴裡出來
例子：有公司請佢，佢即刻𠼱飯應！

【𠼱】lê2
解釋：故意糾纏以達到某種目的
例子：你死～爛～都冇用㗎啦！

【噱】gê1
解釋：
1) 形容熟睡時打呼嚕的聲音
2) 形容嘔吐時嘴裡發出的聲音
例子：
1) 佢瞓到～～聲！
2) ～一聲嘔晒啲嘢出嚟！

【㗾】hê
解釋： 象聲詞。指為制止或驅遂某人而發出的聲音。
例子：大家～佢落去。（把他噓下去了）

【𡃤𡃤閑】lai5 lai5 han4
解釋：閑適地，不用勁地
例子：佢做乜都～～～咁！

【齌噏】zai1 eb1
解釋：指老師在課堂上的滿堂灌的教學方法
例子：個阿sir成日剩係識～～！

【嘥】sai1
解釋：
1) 浪費；糟蹋（東西）
2) 可惜
例子：
1) ～錢！～時間！～心機！～人力物力！
2) 錯過咁好嘅機會，～晒！

【嚡】hai4
解釋：
1) 病後舌頭發澀
2) 表面不光滑
3) 嘆詞。表示傷感、煩惱或無可奈何
例子：
1) 條脷好～呀！
2) 啲紙咁～嘅！
3) ～！世界係咁㗎嘞！

【嗌】ai3
解釋：
1) 喊叫；叫
2) 打招呼（乘客對汽車司機的用語）
例子：
1) 唔好係度～生晒啦！
2) 車到廣場唔該～一聲我！

【嚟】lei4
解釋：
1) 來，從別的地方到說話人所在的地方（跟「去」相對）
2) 讓別人做
3) 要（在飯店點菜）
4) 用在另一動詞前面表示要做某件事
5) 較量
6) 跟「得」或「唔」連用，表示可能或不可能
7) 來著
8) 用在動詞後，表示結果、估量或原因
9) 用在「一、二、三」等數詞後，例舉理由
10) 跟「得」連用，構成「甲動詞＋得嚟＋乙動詞」的格式，表示動作的預期結果。
11) 助詞。
表示處所
表示原因
例子：
1) 你～咗嗱！
2) 你唔識做，得佢～喇！
3) ～個清蒸桂魚！唔該！
4) 我哋係～攞申請表嘅。
5) 你唔佢～。
6) 咁多嘢幾個人至做得～。
7) 你話乜嘢～話？
8) 睇～你係唔想去。
9) 我呢次呢，一～係想你去，二～係想你幫我做啲嘢。
10) 食得～都夠鐘喇！
11) a. 條鎖匙擺咗喺櫃桶～。
b. 佢正話去踢波～。

【𠶜】zei3
解釋：
1) 答允（做某件事）
2) 合算，劃算
例子：
1) 你～我唔～呀！
2) 唔～得過呀！

【噬】sei4
解釋：（動物）咬
例子：俾狗～咗一啖！

【𠱓】ngei1
解釋：纏住別人請求，也作「噅」
例子：佢個人俾人～得兩～就心軟。（𠱓契爺咁𠱓）

【喺】hei2
解釋：
1) 在，表示人或事物所處的位置
2) 介詞。在、從、於，表示時間、處所範圍等
例子：
1) 趁大家～度，你快啲講啦！
2) ～呢度去。

【哎吔】ei1 ya1
解釋：指勉強能扯上的人際關係
例子：佢只係我哋嘅～～親戚。

【 哎吔 】ei1 ya1
解釋：表示不滿；哎呀
例子：～～，呃我添！

【開口埋口】hoi1 heo2 mai4 heo2
解釋：形容人反復地說著同一主題
例子：一家人，咪～～～～都講錢啦！

【開口吸著脷】hoi1 heo2 keb6 zêg6
解釋：一說話就出錯了
例子：佢成日都～～～～～。

【𠵈】mui5
解釋：含在嘴裡嘬，不用牙齒嚼食
例子：放粒話梅喺口度～～吓。

【口雷】lêu1
解釋：
1) 身體慢慢倒下
2) （身體）累垮或病倒
例子：
1) 佢心臟病發，喺架車度～低咗。
2) 你千祈唔好就噉～低呀！

【吹】cêu1
解釋：
1) 吹氣（演奏）
2) （風、氣流等）冲擊
3) 使生氣
4) 奈何（含挑釁語氣）
5) （用言語）誇耀賣弄
例子：
1) ～喇嘛
2) ～咗張報紙落地
3) ～到佢啤啤聲
4) 我係唔做，～咩！
5) 有乜好～喎。

【吹水】cêu1 sêu2
解釋：侃大山
例子：成班友喺度～～。

【吹佢唔賬】cêu1 Kêu5 m4 zêng
解釋：表示對他人束手無策，說毫無辦法
例子：佢話唔做就唔做，～～～～！

【吹賬】cêu1 zêng3
解釋：生氣；受氣（較粗俗的說法）
例子：俾佢～～

【老作】
解釋：「作大」的「作」，就是創作，無中生有、憑空揑造
例子：

【車大炮】
解釋：意為說謊
例子：

【嘴】zêu2
解釋：
1) 口的通稱
2) 形狀或作用像嘴的東西
3) 指說話
4) 用嘴唇接觸，表示親熱，相當於北京話的「親嘴」
例子：
1) 你個～有粒飯呀！
2) 筆～
3) 唔好咁多～
4) ～咗佢一啖

【嘴多多】zêu2 do1 do1
解釋：指愛說話，往往不該說而說
例子：我至憎佢～～～

【嘴𠴕𠴕】zêu2 miu2 miu2
解釋：用嘴巴表示輕蔑或不滿
例子：～～～做乜嘢呀！

【嘴尖】zêu2 jim1
解釋：挑吃；嘴刁
例子：佢好～～，呢啲又唔食， 嗰啲又唔食

【嘴郁郁】zêu2 yug1 yug1
解釋：形容嘴唇顫動，想說話或者低聲自言自語
例子：佢成日度～～～咁。

【爆大鑊】bao3 dai6 wog6
解釋：揭老底兒
例子：到時因住我～～～

【爆料】bao3 liu5
解釋：把事實真相和盤托出
例子：我去雜誌到～～。

【嘍】leo3
解釋：
1) 邀約（多指較隨便或即興行為）
2) 勤誘
例子：
1) 佢～我去唱K。
2) ～我租佢間屋，話平啲。

【嘍口】leo3 heo2
解釋：口吃
例子：佢講嘢～～嘅。

【收嗲】
解釋：收口
例子：唔該你～～啦！

【嚿】geo6
解釋：
1) 塊，團
2) 俗稱一百塊錢
例子：
1) 一～飯
2) 五～水

【吼】heo1
解釋：
1) 監視；緊盯
2) 對人、物感興趣，多用於否式
例子：
1) ～實佢呀，唔好俾佢走甩呀！
2) 實冇人～啦！

【口】heo2
解釋：嘴巴
例子：佢把口唔收嘅。

【口花花】heo2 fa1 fa1
解釋：言語輕佻，尤指男人對女人
例子：唔好咁～～～啦！

【口啞啞】heo2 a2 a2
解釋：啞口無言
例子：俾佢問到～～～。

【口多多】heo2 do1 do1
解釋：指多言多語，說話不知輕重
例子：大人講嘢，細路唔好～～～。

【口快快】heo2 hai3 hai3
解釋：指說話像爽快，不假思索
例子：佢～～～噉講咗出嚟。

【口輕輕】heo2 héng1 héng1
解釋：指輕易答允一些事情
例子：講說話要負責任，唔好～～～。

【口噏噏】heo2 eb1 eb1
解釋：念念有詞
例子：～～～唔知講乜？

【口窒窒】heo2 zed6 zed6
解釋：結結巴巴地說話或卻言又止的樣子
例子：佢講嘢～～～，聽唔清楚。

【口擘擘】heo2 mag3 mag3
解釋：
1) 形容睡意濃
2) 張口結舌的樣子
例子：
1) 佢眼瞓到～～～。
2) 俾人問到～～～。

【嘔】eo2
解釋：
1) （消化道裡的東西）不自主地從嘴裡湧出
2) 比喻被迫退還侵佔了的財物
例子：
1) ～血呀我！
2) 嗰啲公帑，叫佢～番出嚟啦！

【隨口噏，冇build up】cêu4 heo2 eb1, mou4 biu1 eb1
解釋：口頭禪，意謂「隨口說說，毫無建設性」；build up 是英語詞組，指建設、建立
例子：佢成日都「 隨口噏，冇build up 」㗎啦。

【𠴕】miu2
解釋：撇嘴，表示輕蔑
例子：唔好～嘴啦！

【招呼】jiu1 fu1
解釋：
1) 用語言或動作表示問候
2) 照料
3) 反話。表示毆打（含威脅意味）
例子：
1) 同姊姊打個～～啦！
2) 你仲唔去～～客人。
3) 你借錢唔還，我會叫人好好～～你。

【噍】jiu6
解釋：
1) 咀嚼柔韌的食物
2) 毆打；揍
例子：
1) ～香口膠。
2) ～佢兩拳。

【叫】giu3
解釋：
1) 人或動物發出較大的聲音
2) 打招呼
3) 讓人送來所需要的人或物
4) 使；吩咐
例子：
1) ～救命！
2) 去人度要～人。
3) ～鷄；～餸。
4) ～你聽日去搵佢。

【嘺】kiu2
解釋：恰好；正遇在某種機會
例子：真係～嘞！

【囂】hiu1
解釋：囂張，形容目中無人的態度
例子：佢太～啦！

【報串】bou3 qun3
解釋：告密，通風報信的意思
例子：你好大膽，居然敢～～！

【嘈】cou4
解釋：
1) 聲音雜亂
2) 聲浪大
3) 批評；投訴
例子：
1) 外面做乜咁～呀？
2) 電視機太～啦，教細聲啲啦！
3) 你～都冇用，唔得就係唔得。

【告】gou1
解釋：告狀；跟某人打官司
例子：～到你甩褲！

【好囉噃】hou2 lo3 bo3
解釋：表示說話人的容忍已達到極限，因而提出警告
例子：你～～～！

【喊】ham3
解釋：
1) 高叫
2) 哭
例子：
1) ～價！～救命！
2) ～都無謂。

【喊打喊殺】ham3 da2 ham3 sad3
解釋：以恫嚇或武力威脅
例子：嗰班爛仔郁吓就～～～～。

【喊苦喊忽】ham3 fu2 ham3 fed1
解釋：哭哭啼啼的樣子（含厭惡意）
例子：成日～～～～。

【喊噉口】ham3 gem2 heo2
解釋：哭喪著臉
例子：佢～～～話炒燶股票。

【啱】am1
解釋：
1) 對；正確
2) 符合；適合
3) 湊巧
例子：
1) 答～咗。
2) 呢本書～你睇。
3) 你嚟～嘞，我正想揾你。

【𠱁】tem3
解釋：用他人喜歡聽的話使其順從
例子：呢啲嘢～細路就得！

【唚】cem3
解釋：說起來沒完的，囉嗦，嘮叨
例子：佢個人好～～。

【吟】yem4
解釋：埋怨
例子：呢次有排～呀。

【噉】gem2
解釋：
1) 連詞。表示順著上文的語意，申說應有的結果
2) 指示性質、狀態、方式、程度等
3) 置於實詞（動詞除外）後面，用做修飾語
例子：
1) ～就算咯
2) ～都好，先試吓至講。
3) 睇佢個樣衰衰～。

【含】hem4
解釋：
1) 用嘴夾住（物體一部分）
2) 東西放在嘴裡，不咽下也不吐出
例子：
1) ～住口煙
2) ～住啖酒

【含含聲】hem4 hem2 séng1
解釋：形容人聲鼎沸
例子：電影散場，成條街～～～。

【舔】tim5
解釋：
1) 用舌頭接觸東西或取東西
2) 蘸
例子：
1) 隻貓～牛奶。
2) ～豉油

【唔】m4
解釋：表示否定。相當於北京話的「不」。香港話用「唔」表示否定時，常用兩種格式：
1) 放在述補結構之前
2) 放在動補結構中「得」的前面
例子：
1) 唔打得開
2) 打唔得開

【唔聲唔聲】m4 séng1 m4 séng1
解釋：不動聲色地
例子：佢～～～～行埋嚟，嚇咗我一跳。

【嘆】tan3
解釋：
1) 心裡感到不快而呼出長氣，發出聲音
2) 慢慢欣賞、品味、享受
3) 享福
4) 反話。指使人受罪
例子：
1) 佢～咗啖氣！
2) ～報紙
3) 佢哋真係～呀！
4) 整鋪嘢俾你～吓！

【噴】pen3
解釋：
1) （液體、氣體、粉末等）受壓力而射出
2) 用語言侮辱人
例子：
1) 車成日～廢氣出嚟。
2) 俾人～到一面屁！

【呑】ten1
解釋：咽下去
例子：我～唔落呢啖氣呀！

【吮】xun5
解釋：用嘴吮吸；嘬
例子：～手指

【嘭】bang4
解釋：
1) 象聲詞。
a. 形容手槍的聲音
b. 形容門窗等沉重地關上的聲音
2) 動詞。用力把門窗關嚴實
例子：
1) a. 聽到～～兩聲槍聲
b. 風吹到度門～～聲
2) ～實度門

【嘭】pang1
解釋：趕跑；攆
例子：～佢出去

【啃】keng2
解釋：
1) 一點兒一點兒往下咽
2) 勉強接受
例子：
1) 咁嘅工唔係易～
2) 我就～埋佢啦！

【哽】ngeng3
解釋：副詞。再，更，怎麼，再……也
例子：～複雜嘅嘢佢都搞得掂。

【哽】ngeng5
解釋：硌，觸著東西不舒服或受到損傷
例子：～腳～到死死吓！

【哽哽聲】ngeng3 ngeng5 séng1
解釋：
1) 形容哼哼、呻吟的聲音
2) 形容人因發牢騷而嘀嘀咕咕
例子：
1) 病到佢～～～
2) 佢好有意見，成日～～～

【呤】ling3
解釋：亮，物體表面光滑得發亮
例子：個地好～喎！

【啷】long1
解釋：象聲詞。形容撞擊金屬器物的聲音
例子：個罐搖起上嚟～～聲。

【啷啷聲】long1 long1 hêng2
解釋： 象聲詞。形容撞擊金屬器物的聲音
例子：

【𠺘】long2
解釋：
1) 把水放在器物裡面搖動，把器物冲洗乾淨
2) 含水洗（口腔）
例子：
1) ～吓個樽
2) ～口

【哄】hung3
解釋：
1) 水銹痕跡；汗碱
2) 圍攏
例子：
1) 呢度有一大笪～。
2) 咁多人～喺度做乜？

【𡃵】ung2
解釋：
1) 使勁兒推比較沉重或體積大的物件
2) （用身體）撞
例子：
1) 幫手～個櫃埋嗰邊。
2) 用個身～開度門先啦！

【唱】cêng3
解釋：
1) 唱歌
2) 大聲叫
3) 公開要求
4) 詆毀；中傷
例子：
1) ～首歌嚟聽吓啦！
2) ～票
3) ～減息
4) 等～衰你先！

【相嗌唔好口】sêng1 ai3 m4 hou2 heo2
解釋：相駡沒好話
例子：阿爸成日話「～～～～～」。

【嗒】dab1
解釋：
1) 仔細辨別滋味等，有享受的意味
2) 喻指仔細推敲當中的含意
3) 俗稱與女性／男性交合
4) 象聲詞。品嘗味道時舌頭與上顎接觸發出的聲音
例子：
1) ～番杯
2) 呢單嘢～真啲先得。
3) ～咗條女。／呢條仔我～硬。
4) 食到～～聲！

【嗒嗒聲】dab1 dab1 séng1
解釋：象聲詞。嘗味感到滿意時發出的聲音
例子：食到～～～

【呷】hab3
解釋：吸飲，喝
例子：～兩啖茶先

【呷醋】hab3 cou3
解釋：產生嫉妒情緒（尤指在男女關係上）
例子：我老公～～到死。

【噏】eb1
解釋：胡謅
例子：唔知佢～乜？

【豬噏】
解釋：
例子：

【噏三噏四】eb1 sam3 eb1 séi3
解釋：說三道四
例子：呢啲係人哋嘅事，唔駛你喺度～～～～。

【喼】gib1
解釋：
1) 手提箱（除了用木或金屬製造的以外）
2) 量詞
例子：
1) 籐～
2) 一～書

【𠲵】gib3
解釋：像不熟的水果（柿子等）那樣使舌頭感到麻木乾燥的味道；澀
例子：啲楊桃未熟，又酸又～。

【吉】ged1
解釋：
1) 吉祥
2) 「空」的替代字。香港人喜好趨吉避凶，而「空」與「凶」同音，故以「吉」代之
例子：
1) 老佛爺～祥
2) ～屋

【咳】ked1
解釋：咳嗽
例子：～到死死吓

【咇】bid1
解釋：象聲詞。某些機器表示起始或提示的短促訊號
例子：你聽到～一聲開始。

【喞】jid1
解釋：
1) 用壓力使液體等從孔隙中出來
2) 液體受沖擊向四外射出
3) 在別人身上抓撓，使發癢；胳肢
例子：
1) ～啲水出嚟
2) 架車經過～到啲水落我度
3) ～腳板底

【𠹳】gid6
解釋：
1) 稠，液體中含某種固體成分很多（跟「稀」相對）
2) 難辦的（事情）
例子：
1) 啲粥好～
2) 呢單嘢都幾～！

【喝】hod3
解釋：
1) 吆喝、叫
2) 把刀在石或缸沿上用力磨擦幾下，使它快些
例子：
1) ～住佢
2) ～～把刀

【𠼭】bud1
解釋：
1) 象聲詞。形容汽車喇叭聲
2) 按汽車喇叭
例子：
1) 架車～一聲嚇咗我一跳
2) 前面架車咁耐都唔郁，～佢喇

【啜】jud3
解釋： 用嘴吸取
例子：～奶

【𠽌】xud1
解釋：
1) 形容快速動作的聲音
2) 形容低聲呻吟
例子：
1) ～一聲就唔見咗。
2) 痛到佢～～聲。

【𠽌𠽌聲】xud1 xud1 séng1
解釋：
例子：

【𡁯】düd1
解釋：
1) 翹起嘴巴
2) 象聲詞。某種機器發出的聲音，如八達通機。
例子：
1) ～起個嘴
2) ～一～八達通先

【啪】bag1
解釋：象聲詞。物體折斷的聲音
例子：～一聲斷咗！

【啪】pag1
解釋：
1) 指把藥丸放在手心，猛一揚手把藥丸呑下肚子
2) 象聲詞。形容物體折斷的聲音
例子：
1) ～丸！
2) 條竹～一聲斷咗！

【啪啪聲】 pag1 pag1 séng1
解釋：
例子：

【嘜】mag1
解釋：
1) 盯住，指足球、籃球賽中緊跟著不放鬆
2) 商標；英語mark的音譯詞
3) 試卷打分
例子：
1) ～死佢個前鋒
2) 三角～
3) ～錯分

【嘜】meg1
解釋：
1) 鐵製的罐、盒
2) 量詞。指一小鐵罐的容量；英語mug的音譯詞。
例子：
1) 你要咁多～嚟做咩啫？
2) 一～米夠唔夠呀？

【嚇】hag3
解釋：使害怕
例子：～咗我一跳

【嚇窒】hag3 zed6
解釋：嚇呆
例子：俾佢～～咗。

【𡃈】kuag3
解釋：
1) 圈兒，彎兒
2) 圍上
例子：
1) 兜咗個大～
2) 攞條繩～住，唔好俾人入去

【呃】ag1
解釋：
1) 欺騙
2) 騙取
3) 找藉口做某事
例子：
1) ～你做乜啫？
2) 俾人～晒啲錢。
3) ～餐飯食。

【叻】lég1
解釋：聰明伶俐或精於某方面
例子：佢讀書最～！

【喞】zég1
解釋：語氣詞。表示不耐煩
例子：你去邊～？

【㗱】zég6
解釋：象聲詞。形容嚼東西的聲音。
例子：食到～～聲。

【𠽤】kig1
解釋：
1) 遇上障礙，機械、物體等不能順利運作、活動
2) 引申為辦事不順利，遇上障礙
例子：
1) 架車唔知俾咩～住咗？
2) 個計劃～住咗。

【嗾】zug6
解釋：由於喝水或游泳時不小心，水進入氣管引起咳嗽
例子：唔好飲咁急，因住～嚫！

【口宿】sug1
解釋：
1) 飯、菜等變質而發出的酸臭味；餿
2) 酸臭（指汗臭味）；重疊式為：口宿哼哼
例子：
1) 隔夜餸～晒
2) 出咁多汗，成身～晒

【唂】gug1
解釋：
1) 憋住（力氣）
2) 催，使事物的產生和變化加快
例子：
1) ～住成肚火
2) ～番啲知名度

【串】
解釋：一種語言的挑釁，帶妄自尊大的意思
例子：你依家係咪鬥～呀？

【囉】
解釋：助語詞。
例子：

【𦧺嘢】
解釋：
1) 正在做一些不法或不正當的事，被捉到正
2) 引申為
例子：

【烏sir sir】
解釋：意為矇查查、懵懵懂懂。烏是烏眉瞌睡、沒精打采的樣子，sir sir 是助語詞。
例子：

【烏啄啄】
解釋：
例子：

【嗱嗱林】
解釋：快些、快點或動作爽快利落一些的意思
例子：

【ly lee 嗱嗱】
解釋：此詞多用於助語詞，其意跟「嗱嗱林」相同。
例子：

【時lee sa 嗱】
解釋：有粗枝大葉、粗心大意之意。
例子：

【平ling 朋林】
解釋：急促地趕著，快速匆忙的意思。
例子：

【peng ling 蓬隆】
解釋：與「平ling 朋林」同義同類，另有手忙腳亂和跑步聲之意。
例子：

【興卿含含】
解釋：擬聲助語詞。指急急忙忙地趕著，多用作形容詞。
例子：

【平平彭彭】
解釋：擬聲詞。本意為金屬撞擊的嘈吵聲，現借用為一般發出的雜音的意思
例子：

【平ling彭蘭】
解釋： 擬聲詞。除了像「平平彭彭」的金屬撞擊聲之外，也是摔破玻璃物件聲音的意思。亦可諗作「ping ling pang noun」。
例子：

【king ling count noun】
解釋：跟「ping ling pang noun」一樣，是從「平ling彭蘭」的轉音而成。
例子：

【fee li 淝咧】
解釋：指一個人不修邊幅，或做事不認真，行為不檢的意思。
例子：

【咧淝】
解釋：指一個人不修邊幅，亂七八糟，帶點骯髒的意思。
例子：

The above definitions of words are found from several books:
1) 鄭定歐（編纂）（1997）《香港粵語詞典》。江蘇，江蘇教育出版社。
2) 彭志銘（1994）《次文化語言．香港新方言概論》。香港，次文化有限公司。
3) 邵家臻、張俊聲（2005）《私字進行──青年次語言字典》。香港，香港政策透視。

After the pervious tutorial, I have make up my mind and narrow down the content and concentrate on the words with “mouth” or sound-related words. (口字部的字).

Why I choose these kinds (words with “mouth” or sound-related words) of words in the Hong Kong dialect?
There are several reasons.
1) I would like to choose the typical words, which can represent the typical Hong Kong dialect. The words with “mouth” are so right that they are with those kinds of features such as high speed of metabolism; influence from English language and other languages; some kinds of words or phrases becomes a lifestyle; Using some words to represent some ambiguous actions; and Many auxiliary verbs and words with sounds.

2) I think the words with “mouth” are some kinds of words that can be very playful and interesting to be designed visually and graphically.

3) In the Hong Kong dialect, it is very obvious to see that there are lots of words that have a pronunciation (sound) but there is not the exact pictogram of those Chinese words. These kinds of words can be written down or not depending on the historical and cultural reasons. Those words that are not usually used will be 1) eliminated; 2) forgotten or 3) replaced by the newborn words. Some sound of the Hong Kong dialect may be just some kind of local accent. Those words never exist. They can be accepted through common practice in the public. Then, some people use the words with same pronunciation to replace those words; or create new words that can be written.

Always, the self-created words will be mostly the onomatopoeia (Phonetics) 象聲詞. They are used to be adjectives and exclamations. Therefore, the newly created words we commonly read are the onomatopoeia. The method is that they use the words with similar or same pronunciation and add the “mouth” 口字部 into it. Then, the new words are created such as 哎、咩、喲、啊、喎、哼 etc.

After the tutorial on Friday (20 January 2006), Esther thinks that I really miss the content for my book. The topic of Hong Kong dialect is too board and why do I have to do this as other people have already do it. I still can’t tell Esther that how I can design the book with this big topic graphically and visually. There is absent of content. Esther suggests me that I have to narrow down the topic and choose one kinds of Hong Kong dialect that I am really interested in. I also think that this kind of Hong Kong dialect should be worth for me to record. And I should be able to tell Esther why I have to choose that kind of Hong Kong dialect except I like.

Esther also suggested my direction. The content of the book is very important.

1) There should be a thorough definition of Hong Kong dialect and the readers/ target audiences have to be told.
2) The second part is that I have chosen which kind/ which part of Hong Kong dialect I have to do for the content. The scope should be narrowed down.
3) Then, I have to explain the definition of these words of Hong Kong dialect. There are their own origins such as from the English or from the old songs.
4) The last part is my own re-interpretation for these words. And how I design this book and the Chinese typography. These can be several parts instead of one.


Aiya! It is really quite hard to choose one kind of words in the Hong Kong dialect, which can be representative, and the most meaning for me to do it.

SD403
Final Project
1st draft of the design proposal_20_jan_2005
BA (HONS) in design (visual communication)
Semester 2, 2005/06

STUDENT: CHAN HEI SHING 03307734D
TUTOR: ESTHER LIU
Duration: week 1- 14 (14 weeks)

Subject title of project
SD403 Final Project

Name of the project
(have to be finalized)

Introduction/ Background
I really think for a long time to decide my final year project. In the project of independent study, I pay lots of effort to study the whole phenomenon of Hong Kong dialect; the design of Chinese typography (especially song ti); and some research on book design.

As an important part of the local culture, Hong Kong dialect is a very special and unique language for Hong-Konger. It is very interesting that Hong Kong is a special place combining different culture elements and forms its own culture. Because of historical reasons, Hong Kong is a place for Chinese, but these Chinese is not simple because these Chinese recognize themselves as Hong-Konger rather than Chinese. So as the language, the so-called Hong Kong dialect is not the simple Cantonese but the changing form of Cantonese. It owns its special characteristics and features. The Hong Kong dialect probably come and evolved form the following places: 1) Ancient Chinese; 2) dialect in the Guangdong district; 3) dialect from other province (such as Shanghaiese); 4) foreign language (such as English and Japanese); 5) written Chinese; 6) ballads, songs; 7) professional words & phrases; 8) motto; 9) tag line (a two-part common expression whose last part is omitted); 10) pet phrases, platitudes; 11) foul language; 12) the argot/ code words of the gangland; 13) the words/ phrases from the Buddhism & Taoism; 14) phrases from life and entertainment (mass media); 15) place name or people’s name.

In fact, in the independent study project, I spend lots of time in studying the design of Chinese typography, but now I really want to make up my mind in this stage. What is the core part of my final year project? I would really like to concentrate to work hard on the book design in this project. Actually, the Chinese typography occupies a very important part in the book design, as I would like to design a book with Chinese words. It is very important. Maybe I can design a Chinese typeface for the cover title or the heading especially for Hong Kong dialect. This is my mind in this stage.

Aims
- To uphold the Hong Kong dialect as one kind of local culture
- To promote the local language culture which is meaningful
- To promote the design of our Chinese Typography

Objectives
- To record this important Hong Kong dialect in this era which many people don’t think that is important for us
- To rise the awareness of the public to our own language through Chinese typographic design and book design

Some opinions on this project
I am thinking how to do this project for a long time. And of course, there are lots of questions and problems in this stage. Everything is not settled. And I would like to do a book design project, which can record our Hong Kong dialect visually and graphically. And Chinese typography is a very important part in the book design. It would not the main design, as the main design is the book design. The content is Hong Kong dialect. How to write and design it in a very interesting way? Among the existing works, there are few professional scholars will study this Hong Kong dialect because they always look down on them. The professionals who Study Cantonese will be more but the one who really study Hong Kong dialect are too few. Always, the one interested in this topic are in the sidetrack and they are not studying language. Few books are written. It seems there is no such well-designed book using this Hong Kong dialect elements. I would like to try.
This is part of Hong Kong culture. I would like to reserve it. It may not be a promotion for this Hong Kong dialect, but rather a record. This dialect is a very important product in this era.
It will not be so professional or so serious but rather I want it to be written, designed in an interesting method. The whole concept should be related to the Hong Kong dialect and Hong Kong. Hong Kong is a very special place and it is very similar to our language. If I should conclude our language, I would use “雜” and “集”. Hong Kong dialect is very complicated and sophisticated. It combined the culture all over the world and it is a very local dialect. The Cantonese in the Mainland China may not understand some of the words. These two “雜” and “集” can also describe Hong Kong as a whole. I can use these similar elements for my Chinese typographic design and book design.
Actually, I would like to ask some questions. do I need to narrow down the scope of the topic “Hong Kong dialect”? My main aim is to record the Hong Kong dialect in a funny/ interesting way. Therefore, it is necessary to narrow the topic?

Time Schedule

In fact, this is the pre-final year project course which is the research part of this final year project. You can simply pick up an issue/ topic/ theme that you are interested in and then you can start the project with this. Therefore, it is quite important for this final year project. This independent study is finished and I don’t want to post all the research information and analysis here. I have done a report last time. And now I changed it into a pdf file and you can download with the following link. You can know the reason and the background of this project.

http://people.sd.polyu.edu.hk/~03307734d/inde_report.zip

When I get back the report, I really think that it is not detail and good enough. Therefore, I will continue to do and add other research for Hong Kong dialect, book design and Chinese typography.

I simply describe and define what Hong Kong dialect (香港話) is here. In fact, Hong Kong dialect is a mutation which evolves from the Cantonese. It is a special language that is spoken (or written) by the Hong Kong people. Hong Kong dialect is different from the traditional Cantonese. There are several differences. Firstly, obviously, in our Hong Kong dialect, we have lots of “original English words” inside. Secondly, the rate of metabolism is very fast. The birth rate and death rate of new Chinese characters are higher. Thirdly, Hong Kong dialect is open for all culture. Always, the Hong Kong characters are westernized or orientalized (absorbed from the Japanese words).

The Hong Kong dialect may be come and evolved from the following places:
1) Ancient Chinese;
2) dialect in the Guangdong district;
3) dialect from other province (such as Shanghaiese);
4) foreign language (such as English and Japanese);
5) written Chinese;
6) ballads, songs;
7) professional words & phrases;
8) motto;
9) tag line (a two-part common expression whose last part is omitted);
10) pet phrases, platitudes;
11) foul language;
12) the argot/ code words of the gangland;
13) the words/ phrases from the Buddhism & Taoism;
14) phrases from life and entertainment (mass media);
15) place name or people’s name.